Kalaripayattu, also known as “Kalari” or “Kalari Payat,” is an ancient martial art that originated in Kerala, a state on the southwestern coast of India. Its history dates back to the 11th-12th centuries CE, making it one of the oldest martial arts in the world. Kalaripayattu is often referred to as the “mother of all martial arts.”
History and Tradition
Kalaripayattu originated from the fighting techniques used by Kshatriyas and Nairs in warfare. The word “Kalaripayattu” comes from two Malayalam words: “Kalari” meaning “place of exercise or gymnasium” and “payattu” meaning “to fight or exercise.”
Traditionally, Kalari centers were like temples. The Kalari is constructed in a 4-foot deep pit, and its interior measures 42 feet long and 21 feet wide.
Practice and Techniques
Kalaripayattu is practiced through a guru-shishya tradition. Students undergo rigorous and disciplined training from their guru for many years. Kalaripayattu encompasses a variety of weapons and armaments, including:
- Urumi: A long, flexible whip that can also be used as a kamand for concealment.
- Ottum: A short wooden staff used for various strikes.
- Cheruval: A large-sized weapon used for slashing and piercing.
- Vaal: A wavy sword used for thrusting.
Kalaripayattu also incorporates various techniques, such as:
- Angamardana: Exercises and yoga postures to make the body limber and strong.
- Chuvadu: Footwork and stances.
- Vadivu: Hand and foot movements.
- Marmashastram: The knowledge of marma points, which are vital points of the body that can be used for injury or healing.
Benefits of Kalaripayattu
Kalaripayattu offers a multitude of physical and mental benefits, including:
- Improved physical fitness and flexibility
- Enhanced strength and stamina
- Better coordination and balance
- Improved focus and concentration
- Increased self-confidence and self-esteem
- Reduced stress and anxiety
Kalaripayattu Today
Kalaripayattu is a popular martial art practiced worldwide. There are numerous Kalari centers in Kerala, and Kalaripayattu instructors are also present in many countries. Kalaripayattu has also been featured in films, television shows, and video games.
Kalaripayattu is a powerful martial art with a rich and fascinating history and tradition. It is a holistic practice that offers physical, mental, and spiritual benefits. If you are interested in learning a unique and effective martial art, Kalaripayattu is an excellent choice.
